ABSTRACT
The molluscicidal activity of Hammada scoparia leaf extracts and the principal alkaloids isolated from them (carnegine and N-methylisosalsoline) were tested against the mollusc gastropod, Galba truncatula, the intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica in Tunisia. The results indicated that the molluscicidal activity was correlated with the presence of alkaloids. A significant molluscicidal value, according to the World Health Organization, was found with the methanol extract (LC50 = 28.93 ppm). Further fractionation of the methanolic extract led to the isolation of two principal alkaloids: carnegine and N-methylisosalsoline. These alkaloids are isoquinolines that have not previously been characterised for their molluscicidal activity. The N-methylisosalsoline possesses the highest molluscicidal activity (LC50 = 0.47 ìM against G. truncatula).
Subject(s)
Animals , Alkaloids , Isoquinolines , Molluscacides , Plant Extracts , Plants, Medicinal , Snails/drug effects , Alkaloids/classification , Alkaloids/isolation & purification , Isoquinolines/classification , Isoquinolines/isolation & purification , Molluscacides/chemistry , Plant Extracts/analysis , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Plants, Medicinal/chemistryABSTRACT
Annona cacans Warming is a native tree of the south and southeast of Brazil. Its fruits are reported to be laxative by the natives. Like other specimens of the Annoma genus, its main coumpounds are benzilisoquinoline alkaloids, as it was reported in a previous paper. The present work presents the isolation and identification of four flavonoids and p-coumaric acid from parts of the plant.
Subject(s)
Alkaloids/isolation & purification , Chemical Phenomena , Isoquinolines/isolation & purification , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Spectrum AnalysisABSTRACT
Two isoquinoline alkaloids, [R]-[+]-1-methyl-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline [[R]-[+]-salsolidine] and 1-methyl-6,7-dimethoxyisoquinoline [nigellimine], were isolated from the aerial parts of Arthrocnemum glaucum. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods [UV, IR, MS, 1D, and 2D NMR]. This is the first report of the isolation of these two alkaloids from this species and the third report of the isolation of nigellimine from a natural source